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The largest scrape being dug at Grochall nr Kynance |
In common with many conservation organisations nationally,
we’ve been doing our bit to try to reverse the long-term decline in the number
of ponds in the wider countryside.
Thanks to funding through Higher Level Stewardship schemes and
the Millennium Million Ponds Project administered by Pond Conservation (now renamed the
Freshwater Habitats Trust), we’ve dug over 15 new ponds and scrapes on National
Trust land on The Lizard in the last 4 years.
At Grochall, 10 new ponds were dug in 2011 in rush pastures
close to the heathland of Lizard Downs, with the aim of giving a quiet refuge
for wildlife. Some of the ponds hold water all year and have proven popular
with dragonflies, and others are shallow seasonal scrapes, great for water
beetles and other rapid colonisers.
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new scrape on Predannack Airfield (photo JC) |
Spurred on by the success of these first ponds, we went on
in 2012 to undertake a more ambitious project on Predannack Airfield, the
southern half of which is owned by the National Trust. The Airfield was built,
as many were, as part of the WW2 war effort, and it remains a military airfield
today, being a satellite site to RNAS Culdrose. With the MoD’s support, we were
able to reinstate long lost scrapes and trackways shown on an 1880 map, but
redundant and overgrown since the 1940s.
We’ve had some fantastic exciting news in recent weeks, with
the discovery of two plants of conservation concern in the large new scrape on
the airfield, on a June 2014 visit with our Cornwall Botanical Recorders.
Pillwort is a rare and unusual grass like creeping fern that thrives in
seasonal acid pools. It is named after its distinctive round sporocarps
(reproductive bodies) found at the base of the fronds. Pillwort is a Biodiversity
Action Plan Species, and is classed as near threatened nationally, so it was
great to see it in abundance, forming light green mats in the shallows.
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the rare grass like fern, pillwort (CWT) |
It was also fantastic to find the delicate little flowers of
yellow centaury on the newly scraped bare mud, a nationally scarce plant of the
gentian family. Both pillwort and yellow centaury are esteemed members of the ‘puddle
gang’. These are rare plants for which the Lizard is famous, growing in
selected trackways and heathland scrapes which are seasonally damp.
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Yellow centaury (CWT) |
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new pond in an arable field at Tregullas, Lizard village |
Our 3 newest ponds were completed at Tregullas, The Lizard in
October 2013, and unlike those at Grochall and Predannack which were on or near
heathland, these ponds are very much about giving farmland wildlife a helping
hand. The ponds are in the corners of
arable fields south of Lizard village, between the village and Bass Point, and
should be deep enough to hold water year round, drought years excepted. So far
so good! This area historically had several ponds associated with brick clay
extraction, but all had been infilled by the 1970s. We therefore wanted to put
wetlands back in the landscape, and give farmland wildlife a boost. Within a
few weeks a snipe was spotted probing the edges of the ponds, and swallows swoop
low over the surface as they take insects on the wing. And a handy bi-product
of these new ponds has been a steady supply of lovely modelling clay for our
kids events!
Looking to the future, we would love to be able to get in
place some more detailed monitoring of our new wetlands (do shout if you are a
dab hand with water beetles), and we have plans for further HLS funded scrapes
to the north of Predannack Airfield, on farmland that was once heathland at
Teneriffe.
Taken in the context of all the other great work done to
reinstate ponds and trackways by our conservation partners locally, for example
CWT/CBWPS at Windmill Farm, and NE/St Keverne Parish Council, then it feels
that we really have taken great strides forward for wetland wildlife on the
Lizard in the last few years, proving how a little water and mud here and there
can add up to an awful lot of new and improved habitat!
Rachel